Javed I. Chaudry

Jul. 10, 2008

 

Book Review 

Chasing A Mirage – The Tragic Illusion of an Islamic State. 

Author: Tarek Fatah
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Canada
Reviewed By: Javed I. Chaudry

The single most remarkable impact that the legacy of 9/11 has left behind is that it has created a fertile ground for all sorts of writers who have emerged out of woodwork to write on Islam and Muslims. A brand new set of meaningless and derogatory terms and phrases has been coined which are now in use in like no tomorrow. Countless articles and books have been written to chastise the Muslims and reform Islam. The book, ‘Chasing A Mirage -  The tragic illusion of an Islamic state’ by Tarek Fatah is one of the many publications that have recently hit the shelves of the book stores. This book will, no doubt, be a sought-after addition to Neocon’s and Zionists’ book shelves.  

With the fall of communism, it seems that Islam has replaced it as a threat to the new world order. As a matter of fact, Islam may not be a threat to the world, but many mullahs and Muslim writers certainly appear to be a threat to Islam.  

The central theme of the book appears to be the premise of separation of state from religion. The author has stressed that the Muslims must not think of having an Islamic state but they should only have a state of Islam. He argues that if God had wanted the Muslims to have an Islamic state He would have created one for them. The author needs reminding the Quranic verse (8:53) which states that God does not change the fate of nations, they do themselves. In other words, God helps those who help themselves.  

It is ironic that the term, ‘Islamist’ appears on almost every page of the book and the term ‘Islamic State’ is part of the title, and yet no effort was made to define and describe these phrases in any comprehensive manner. What does the author really mean by the term ‘Islamist’? It is mentioned just in the passing, referring to those who want to establish an Islamic state. However, after having read the book, it is not hard for the reader to realize that a Muslim who disagrees with the author on Islamic or political matters is liable to be labeled as an Islamist. Furthermore, Fatah’s despise for Salafi (Wahabi) sect and the society (the Saudis) that promotes it, comes out loud and clear throughout the book.   

It is rather peculiar that a 400 page book that discourages from setting up an Islamic state does not define what makes a state an Islamic state.  Would a country where a vast majority of the citizens are Muslims called an Islamic state, or a country run on Islamic laws would be identified as an Islamic state? There is a whole chapter criticizing the creation of Pakistan as an Islamic state. It would be a valid question to raise as to why a Jewish state can be viable while an Islamic state is not?  

The book describes that 160 million Muslims live in an Islamic state, Pakistan, while an equal number of Muslims who live in India are in state of Islam – a situation preferred by the author. In his enthusiasm for promoting the sensationalizing phrase, ‘state of Islam’, Fatah has totally disregarded the pathetic and pitiful social condition of the Muslims in India.  What’s more, he has the audacity to assert that Pakistan has become the terrorist recruiting grounds for Al Quida. I find this remark highly insensitive, offensive and out of line. Who is exactly responsible for the rise of terrorism in Pakistan? None other than the Americans and the Soviets. One does not have to go too far in order to look for the answer; the answer is on page 273 of this book. It describes how President Carter’s security adviser, Brzezinsky told the mujahedeen to go and fight against the Soviets in the name of God. This began the ten-year CIA sponsored Jihad against the Soviets. It is interesting to note that in the introduction section of the book, Fatah holds the ‘Islamists’ accountable for using religion for political purposes.  

The Jihadis were simply the genie created for a specific purpose – to fight the invaders. It is the same genie that refuses to go back into the bottle and still fighting against the invaders. But only Fatah has switched sides this time. Those who were called the mujahedeen during 1980s are now called the terrorists or Islamists for simple reason, it patronizes the current political dogma of the West and sits well with the Neocons.  

The book is heavily padded with much of Muslim history; sadly, no analysis is provided in order to co-relate the lessons of history with the thesis of the book. Instead, after reproducing lengthy narratives of the history, the author simply jumps to draw the inferences to his liking to support his own point of view. For instance, the political account of mid 18th century India is a good example of this. According to Fatah, an Indian Muslim, Shah Waliullah under the Wahabi influence, after having visited Arabia, invited Ahmad Shah Abdali of Afghanistan to raid India to help the fading Mogul empire and to spread Wahabism in India. During early and mid 18th century, India as well as the Mogul empire were going through extremely difficult period. The Marhattas and Sikhs had become too strong for the weak Mogul Empire and there was growing pressure from the British East India Company. For Muslims, it was a question of basic survival rather than worry about importing the Wahabism from Arabia. Following Nadir Shah’s attack in 1739, Abdali attacked India 7 times between 1748 and 1767, not to spread Wahabiesm, as Fatah asserts, but only in the interest of expanding his own empire, which he did. He annexed the area west of River Indus from Sindh in the South and Peshawer in the North. If any thing, Abdali’s attacks on India further weakened the Muslims in general and the Mogul empire in particular. 

On the subject of Jihad, Fatah has presented a rather convoluted account which could only confuse his typical audience specially those who have already become prejudiced against Muslims by the negative hype in the popular media that has been going on since 9/11. A piece that he has borrowed from The Washington Post is indeed concise and describes Jihad in just a few lines, which is: 

“Jihad means to strive or struggle to realize God’s will, to lead to virtuous life, to create a just society and to defend Islam and the Muslim community. But historically, Muslim rulers, backed by religious scholars, used the term to legitimize holy wars to expand their empires”.  

Throughout the book, wherever Quranic verses are quoted, their reference numbers are provided, but the following verse has no reference, it is copied below as it appears in the book: 

“But when the forbidden months are past, then fight and slay the pagans, wherever you find them. And seize them, beleaguer them, and lie in wait for them in every stratagem (of war). But if they repent and establish regular prayer and practice regular charity, then open the way for them; for God is Oft-forgiving. Most merciful”. 

Fatah writes that “Jihadis use this verse to justify their actions, not realizing that the verse was revealed for a specific narrow application for a particular skirmish with pagan Arabs”. 

This is verse 5 of chapter 9. The preceding 4 and the following 2 verses describe the background  and justification clarifying the real intent of this verse. Those who want to make their deceitful claims against the Quran often quote this verse without referring to the preceding and the following verses.  

Many opinion polls taken around the world over the last several years in Muslim societies provide clear proof that a vast majority of Muslims hate America for its hegemony and the foreign policies that hurt Muslims. But Fatah insists on dwelling on a few radicals, he writes, “For the Islamists, it is not West’s imperial ambitions or capitalist greed that offends; it is the West’s embrace of unfettered freedom and individual liberty that is cause for concern”. It is no doubt same as repeating the well known statement by President Bush, “They hate us for our freedom”. 

Although it has no apparent connection to the thesis of the book, Fatah wants Pakistan to give self rule to Pakhtoons, Kashmiris and the province of Baluchistan. The Pakhtoon problem was created by Afghanistan and India due to their cold war nexus with the Soviets. It went away with the dissolution of the Soviet empire in 1989. The Kashmir problem heavily revolves around India’s aggressive policies on Kashmir. It is much too complex to meaningfully discuss it here. But Fatah, nevertheless added this point against Pakistan and its Muslim population hoping to get another brownie point from his Western readers.  

Baluchistan, rich with natural resources, is the largest province with about 40% of the total geographical area of Pakistan but the smallest population, about 6 million as compared with the total population of about 160 million.  Fatah appears to be suggesting disintegration of Pakistan which would suit the Neocons rather well to bring the oil and gas pipelines from Central Asia to Afghanistan and through Baluchistan to the Arabian Sea. With friends like Fatah, Pakistan does not need enemies. He describes the founder of Pakistan, Mohammad Ali Jinnah as Short Sighted and Petty.  

Fatah possesses a rather odd sense of analytical skill to analyze and compare the historical events and circumstance. Here are a couple of examples: 

Fatah Writes, “I have sincerely attempted to find the so called Golden Age of Islam that was free of bloodshed, civil strife, palace intrigues, outright racism, slavery and pillage. I have failed. From the Ridda (Apostasy) Wars of Caliph Abubaker to the humiliating defeat of Caliph Mustasim, I have not found a single period that I could in all honesty I would trade for my 21st century existence as a Muslim living in a secular democratic society”. 

What a farcical statement. Would he trade his 21st century existence with middle age times of Mongolian, European or Russian empires? Would he like to go to medieval England only to get burned alive for not being a Christian? Should he not be comparing the same era and times? 

Another example:

Fatah writes, “When US jets bombed Yugoslavia in the 1990s, the same Islamists who now march to denounce the United States were out celebrating in the streets of Europe and the United States. For the Islamists, US military intervention in a foreign land was not a problem. Their objections to US imperial ambitions come into play only when those ambitions affect Muslim lands”. 

Fatah appears to have difficulty in placing facts and events in proper perspective. In Yugoslavia, it was a civil war premeditated for genocide and ethnic cleansing. It cannot be compared with unilateral invasion and occupation of Iraq and Afghanistan in the interest of controlling oil or the route for oil and gas pipeline. The American interest in Afghanistan and its so called war on terror is destroying life and peace in Pakistan as well. 

I find the book ‘Chasing a Mirage’ just another attempt to cash in from the post 9/11 Islamophobic environment. It completely lacks in a justifiable critique of Muslims with due regard to applicable economic and political constraints. The separation of state and religion is a new concept in the history of mankind which took root only during the last couple of centuries. During this period most Muslim societies were subservient to others. The only exception is the Ottoman Empire which was going through a decay during the last 150 years of its existence. The newly emerged Muslim states are still not totally independent of imperial influence of the old colonial masters. They need time and courage to shed the foreign authority and manipulation to establish their security before they can turn inwards to review and reform their political cultures. 

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