MUHAMMAD AHSAN KHAN

Why has democracy not taken root in most Muslim countries? - FOTH SEMINAR APR. 02, 2006

In response to post # 92.

 

Dear Mustayeen,

Thanks for your beautiful exposé on democracy. You are right to trace the historical background to find the definition of the term democracy, since our subject of discussion is “Why has democracy not taken root in most Muslim countries?”. Here “democracy” and “most Muslim countries” are the two basic terms that must be clearly defined.

In this endeavour you have gone back to Maha Janapadas (http://en.wikipedia/wiki/democracy) period (700-321 BC) when some of these Great Kingdoms were also termed as “Republics” . But the republic does not necessarily mean democratic. Even in our days, the two republics among Muslim countries, are Islamic but not Democratic. Had you given the definition of the democracy practiced by these ancient republics, it would have been a great addition to my knowledge. The only definition that you give, in paragraph # 4, is the same that I have taken into account in my posts # 36 and # 41, as well.

In paragraph # 9, you do some kind of extrapolation in the well defined democracy to include the period of the four first Caliphs, as democratic, with the help of an equation:

Selection (or nomination ) + acceptence = popular election.

In this equation a sign of “not-equal” will be more appropriate and correct in place of equal (=) sign. The acceptence of a single nominated or selected canditdate can not be termed as free democratic election. According to this kind of extension of the democracy, Musharraf is right to consider himself, a democratic president, because he has been selected by the Army and accepted by the people of Pakistan when they hailed him as their saviour in 1999.

In paragraph # 5, you write: “For him (Plato), out of four, the best kind of government was that of people. He considered democracy as the bad form of this kind of government”. Between  these two sentences, there is a contradiction. If:

 the democracy = government of the people,

then the same entity can not be the best and bad at the same time. It is only possible if he changes the definition (in the second sentence) of democracy from the government of people (all inclusive) to the governement of a group of people (a small number of philosophers). In my opinion, the great philosopher is using an illogical argument, but you are free to throw my opinion in a waste-basket.

Still, I do not understand the purpose of this paragraph. Did you want to say that:

(1)           the government of the beople is the best,

(2)           democracy is bad,

(3)           Plato is an illogical philosopher or

(4)           you simply wanted to enhance my limited knowledge of Ancient Greeks? Thanks for this last.

Any system of government run by an institution or by a “group of selected persons” is not a democracy.

According to Aristotle: “Too many soldiers, too many public officials, or too many of any other group except the great middle class will harm or even destroy the state”.

Concerning the “changing opinions” and “Divine Laws” (paragraphs # 7 and 8), Dr. Qazi (post # 93) has expressed his opinion to which I adhere. He has presented his opinion better that I could have ever done.

The peak of your essay is the paragraph # 14, where you conclude: “ I firmly believe ....”. Any “belief”, no matter how firm or blind (Faith), is a “doubtful reality”. To believe in something is not the proof of its existence. So, your conclusion based on your firm belief is a “doubtful conclusion”.

When I write “The reason is Islam” (paragraph # 1), I am using the word Islam, as a system of government as opposed to democracy. I do not intend to intervene between man and God personal relationship. This ambiguity has been clarified in my post # 73 and I am indeed very sorry for any misunderstanding due to my fault.

You have raised some personal points which may be better settled between you and me around a cup of tea, (Syed Iftikhar Haider posts # 60 and # 82) when we meet. I hope it will be very soon.

Regards.

 

 

Muhammad Ahsan Khan                                             Strasbourg, France

ahsan@noos.fr

 

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